WASTE-FREE TECHNOLOGY OF THE XXI CENTURY

A group of scientists from the Center for Physical and Chemical Methods of Research and Analysis (TsFKhMA) of the Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, headed by Doctor of Technical Sciences, Professor Mikhail Nauryzbayev, have successfully completed the scientific and technical program of program-targeted financing "Green" technologies based on supercritical environments ", laying the foundation for the introduction of the principles of supercritical technologies in domestic production.

In the period from 2018 to 2020, on the basis of the TsKhFMA KazNU named after Al-Farabi, five different scientific groups conducted research in the field of obtaining biodiesel fuel, rare metals, carotenoids, nicotinic acid and phytohormones from domestic primary and secondary raw materials. The goal of the program is to develop highly efficient, energy-saving supercritical technologies for processing raw materials and industrial waste, ensuring minimal greenhouse gas emissions, allowing the transition to a real "green" economy.

In recent years, supercritical fluid extraction (SCFE) has become an increasingly popular method for recovering valuable components as an alternative to the conventional extraction method. The main advantages of the SCFE method are minimization of the formation of liquid waste, ease of separation of the extractable substance, as well as a fast reaction rate due to the high penetrating ability of fluids. The most widely used supercritical carbon dioxide, which has taken a leading position in the world of supercritical technologies, because it is non-flammable, non-toxic, affordable, and economically attractive. It is especially attractive because it is an integral part of atmospheric air and, therefore, does not pollute the environment. According to the UNESCO gradation, the production of extracts using sub- and supercritical carbon dioxide is recognized as an uncontested, environmentally friendly, energy- and resource-saving non-waste technology of the 21st century.

As a result of the implementation of the scientific and technical program, laboratory regulations were developed for obtaining the amount of rare metals, biodiesel fuel, carotenoids, nicotinic acid, as well as phytohormones from industrial waste and waste from the food industry and agriculture; designed and commissioned three semi-industrial plants for obtaining extracts of various compounds. The results are reflected in nine patents and numerous scientific publications.

Today, the Center for Physical and Chemical Research and Analysis Methods is the leading multidisciplinary research organization in the Republic of Kazakhstan. TsFKhMA was founded in 1995 on the basis of the Department of Analytical Chemistry by Doctor of Technical Sciences, Professor Mikhail Kasymovich Nauryzbaev. The basis and key to the success of the TsFKhMA is a team of qualified scientific personnel capable of solving a wide range of research and production problems in the chemical, pharmaceutical, chemical-technological, biological-technological, hydrometallurgical and oil and gas sectors of the republic.

Kairzhan TUREZHANOV